Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C) and season the chicken breasts on both sides with salt and pepper to taste.
In a large oven-safe skillet, heat the olive oil over medium-high heat. Add the chicken breasts and sear them for 3–4 minutes on each side until nicely golden.
Remove the skillet from the heat and pour the Caesar dressing over the chicken, ensuring each piece is thoroughly coated.
Evenly sprinkle the grated Parmesan cheese over the top of the chicken.
Place the trimmed asparagus spears around the chicken in the skillet. Season the asparagus with garlic powder and add a bit more Parmesan if desired.
Transfer the skillet to the preheated oven and bake for approximately 20 minutes, or until the chicken is fully cooked and the asparagus is tender.
Serve warm, finishing with a squeeze of fresh lemon juice over the top for a bright, tangy touch.